Cruise Climb

Rerference. ICAO DOC 4444

 

Cruise climb.

An aeroplane cruising technique resulting in a net increase in altitude as the aeroplane mass decreases.

★ 항공기의 무게가 감소함에 따라, 성능 증가와 최대고도(기체한계, buffet 등 허용치 내에서)가 증가하므로 상승할 수 있는 고도가 변화한다, 이로인해 할 수 있는 항공기의 CRUISE 테크닉. 을 설명하는 것.

 

EX) Cruise climb FL290 and FL350 사이에서 LEVEL OFF, 항공기 무게 줄이고 상승할 수 있으면 다시 올라가고. 이런식으로 상승하되 항공기 성능이 안되면 FL350까지 다다르지 못해도 괜찮습니다.

 

 

 

Chapter 4. General Provisions for Air Traffic Services

 4.5 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCES

  4.5.6 En-route aircraft 4.5.6.1 GENERAL

   4.5.6.1.3 When so requested by the flight crew, an aircraft shall be cleared for cruise climb whenever traffic conditions and coordination procedures permit. Such clearance shall be for cruise climb either above a specified level or between specified levels.

 

 

 

Chapter 5. Separation Methods and Minima

 5.3 VERTICAL SEPARATION

  5.3.3 Assignment of cruising levels for controlled flights

   5.3.3.1 Except when traffic conditions and coordination procedures permit authorization of cruise climb, an ATC unit shall normally authorize only one level for an aircraft beyond its control area, i.e. that level at which the aircraft will enter the next control area whether contiguous or not. It is the responsibility of the accepting ATC unit to issue clearance for further climb as appropriate. When relevant, aircraft will be advised to request en route any cruising level changes desired.

 

   5.3.3.2 Aircraft authorized to employ cruise climb techniques shall be cleared to operate between two levels or above a level.

 

   5.3.3.8 The cruising levels, or, in the case of cruise climb, the range of levels, to be assigned to controlled flights shall be selected from those allocated to IFR flights in: a) the tables of cruising levels in Appendix 3 of Annex 2; or b) a modified table of cruising levels, when so prescribed in accordance with Appendix 3 of Annex 2 for flights above FL 410; except that the correlation of levels to track as prescribed therein shall not apply whenever otherwise indicated in air traffic control clearances or specified by the appropriate ATS authority in AIPs.

 

   5.3.4 Vertical separation during climb or descent 5.3.4.1 An aircraft may be cleared to a level previously occupied by another aircraft after the latter has reported vacating it, except when: a) severe turbulence is known to exist; b) the higher aircraft is effecting a cruise climb; or c) the difference in aircraft performance is such that less than the applicable separation minimum may result; in which case such clearance shall be withheld until the aircraft vacating the level has reported at or passing another level separated by the required minimum.

 

 

 

Chapter 11. Air Traffic Services Messages

 11.4 MESSAGE TYPES AND THEIR APPLICATION

  11.4.2 Movement and control messages

   11.4.2.6 CONTROL MESSAGES

    11.4.2.6.2 CLEARANCE MESSAGES

     11.4.2.6.2.2 Instructions included in clearances relating to levels shall consist of: a) cruising level(s) or, for cruise climb, a range of levels, and, if necessary, the point to which the clearance is valid with regard to the level(s); Note.— See 11.4.2.6.2.1 d) and associated Note.

b) levels at which specified significant points are to be crossed, when necessary; c) the place or time for starting climb or descent, when necessary; d) the rate of climb or descent, when necessary; e) detailed instructions concerning departure or approach levels, when necessary.

 

 

 

Chapter 12. Phraseologies

 12.3 ATC PHRASEOLOGIES

  12.3.2 Area control services

 

 

 

Chapter 13 AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE — CONTRACT (ADS-C) SERVICES

 13.2 ADS-C GROUND SYSTEM CAPABILITIES

  13.2.3 Several significant functional requirements are necessary to permit the effective implementation of an ADS-C service in a CNS/ATM environment. Ground systems shall provide for:

 

a) the transmitting, receiving, processing and displaying of ADS-C messages related to flights equipped for and operating within environments where ADS-C services are being provided;

b) the display of safety-related alerts and warnings;

c) position monitoring (the aircraft’s current position as derived from ADS-C reports is displayed to the controller for air traffic situation monitoring);

d) conformance monitoring (the ADS-C reported current position or projected profile is compared to the expected aircraft position, which is based on the current flight plan. Along track, lateral and vertical deviations that exceed a pre-defined tolerance limit will permit an out-of-conformance alert to be issued to the controller);

e) flight plan update (e.g. longitudinal variations that exceed pre-defined tolerance limits will be used to adjust expected arrival times at subsequent fixes);

f) intent validation (intent data contained in ADS-C reports, such as extended projected profile, are compared with the current clearance and discrepancies are identified);

g) conflict detection (the ADS-C data can be used by the ADS-C ground system automation to identify violations of separation minima);

h) conflict prediction (the ADS-C position data can be used by the ADS-C ground system automation to identify potential violations of separation minima);

i) tracking (the tracking function is intended to extrapolate the current position of the aircraft based on ADS-C reports);

j) wind estimation (ADS-C reports containing wind data may be used to update wind forecasts and hence expected arrival times at waypoints); and

k) flight management (ADS-C reports may assist automation in generating optimum conflict-free clearances to support possible fuel-saving techniques, such as cruise climbs, requested by the operators).

 

Note.— The use of ADS-C does not relieve the controller of the obligation to continuously monitor the traffic situation.

 

 

 

Appendix 2 FLIGHT PLAN

The letter C followed by an oblique stroke; THEN the point at which cruise climb is planned to start, expressed exactly as in (2) above, followed by an oblique stroke; THEN the speed to be maintained during cruise climb, expressed exactly as in (a) above, followed by the two levels defining the layer to be occupied during cruise climb, each level expressed exactly as in (b) above, or the level above which cruise climb is planned followed by the letters PLUS, without a space between them.

 

Examples: C/48N050W/M082F290F350 C/48N050W/M082F290PLUS C/52N050W/M220F580F620.

 

 

 

Appendix 3 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES MESSAGES

 

 1.2 The standard types of field The standard fields of data permitted in ATS messages are as shown in the following table. The numbers in column 1 correspond with those in the reference table on page A3-35.

Field Type 15 — Route

Examples: –K0410S1500 A4 CCV R11 –K0290A120 BR 614 –N0460F290 LEK2B LEK UA6 FNE UA6 XMM/M078F330 UA6N PON UR10N CHW UA5 NTS DCT 4611N00412W DCT STG UA5 FTM FATIM1A –M082F310 BCN1G BCN UG1 52N015W 52N020W 52N030W 50N040W 49N050W DCT YQX –N0420F310 R10 UB19 CGC UA25 DIN/N0420F330 UR14 IBY UR1 MID