MAYDAY VS PAN-PAN /ICAO,FAA,KOR

MAYDAY VERSUS PAN-PAN ICAO

 

(REFERENCE. Annex 10, Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume II Communication Procedures including those with PANS status/ 5.3 DISTRESS AND URGENCY RADIOTELEPHONY COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES)

 

5.3.1.1 Distress and urgency traffic shall comprise all radiotelephony messages relative to the distress and urgency conditions respectively. Distress and urgency conditions are defined as:

 

a) Distress: a condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance.

b) Urgency: a condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight, but which does not require immediate assistance.

 

5.3.1.2 The radiotelephony distress signal MAYDAY and the radiotelephony urgency signal PAN PAN shall be used at the commencement of the first distress and urgency communication respectively.

 

(REFERENCE. Doc 4444, Air traffic Management)
15.2.2.2 The radiotelephony distress signal (MAYDAY) or urgency signal (PAN PAN) preferably spoken three

times shall be used as appropriate. Subsequent ATC action with respect to that aircraft shall be based on the intentions of

the pilot and the overall air traffic situation.

 

(REFERENCE. Annex 10, Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume II Communication Procedures including those with PANS status/ 5.3.2 Radiotelephony distress communications)

5.3.2.1 ACTION BY THE AIRCRAFT IN DISTRESS

 

5.3.2.1.1 In addition to being preceded by the radiotelephony distress signal MAYDAY (see 5.3.1.2), preferably spoken three times, the distress message to be sent by an aircraft in distress shall:

 

a) be on the air-ground frequency in use at the time;

b) consist of as many as possible of the following elements spoken distinctly and, if possible, in the following order:

 

1) name of the station addressed (time and circumstances permitting);

2) the identification of the aircraft;

3) the nature of the distress condition;

4) intention of the person in command;

5) present position, level (i.e. flight level, altitude, etc., as appropriate) and heading.

 

(REFERENCE. Annex 10, Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume II Communication Procedures including those with PANS status/ 5.3.3 Radiotelephony urgency communications)

5.3.3.1 ACTION BY THE AIRCRAFT REPORTING AN URGENCY CONDITION EXCEPT AS INDICATED IN 5.3.3.4

 

5.3.3.1.1 In addition to being preceded by the radiotelephony urgency signal PAN PAN (see 5.3.1.2), preferably spoken three times and each word of the group pronounced as the French word “panne”, the urgency message to be sent by an aircraft reporting an urgency condition shall:

 

a) be on the air-ground frequency in use at the time;

b) consist of as many as required of the following elements spoken distinctly and, if possible, in the following order:

 

1) the name of the station addressed;

2) the identification of the aircraft;

3) the nature of the urgency condition;

4) the intention of the person in command;

5) present position, level (i.e. flight level, altitude, etc., as appropriate) and heading;

6) any other useful information.

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DISTRESS AND URGENCY SIGNALS ICAO

 

1.1 Distress signals

 

The following signals, used either together or separately, mean that grave and imminent danger threatens, and immediate assistance is requested:

 

a) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other signalling method consisting of the group SOS (. . . ——— . . . in the Morse Code);

b) a radiotelephony distress signal consisting of the spoken word MAYDAY;

c) a distress message sent via data link which transmits the intent of the word MAYDAY;

d) rockets or shells throwing red lights, fired one at a time at short intervals;

e) a parachute flare showing a red light.

 

 

(REFERENCE. Annex 2, Rules of the Air)

1.2 Urgency signals

 

1.2.1 The following signals, used either together or separately, mean that an aircraft wishes to give notice of difficulties which compel it to land without requiring immediate assistance:

 

a) the repeated switching on and off of the landing lights; or

b) the repeated switching on and off of the navigation lights in such manner as to be distinct from flashing navigation lights.

 

1.2.2 The following signals, used either together or separately, mean that an aircraft has a very urgent message to transmit concerning the safety of a ship, aircraft or other vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight:

 

a) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other signalling method consisting of the group XXX;

b) a radiotelephony urgency signal consisting of the spoken words PAN, PAN;

c) an urgency message sent via data link which transmits the intent of the words PAN, PAN.

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MAY DAY VERSUS PAN-PAN FAA

 

(REFERENCE. AIM Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures, Pilot/Controller Glossary.)

6−1−2. Emergency Condition− Request Assistance Immediately

 

a. An emergency can be either a distress or urgency condition as defined in the Pilot/Controller Glossary.

 

EMERGENCY− A distress or an urgency condition.

 

DISTRESS− A condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance.

MAYDAY−The international radiotelephony distress signal. When repeated three times, it indicates imminent and grave danger and that immediate assistance is requested.

 

URGENCY− A condition of being concerned about safety and of requiring timely but not immediate assistance; a potential distress condition.

PAN-PAN− The international radio-telephony urgency signal. When repeated three times, indicates uncertainty or alert followed by the nature of the urgency.

 

(REFERENCE. AIM Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures, 6−3−2. Obtaining Emergency Assistance)

3. Transmit a distress or urgency message consisting of as many as necessary of the following elements, preferably in the order listed:

 

(a) If distress, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAY−DAY; if urgency, PAN−PAN, PAN−PAN, PAN−PAN.

(b) Name of station addressed.

(c) Aircraft identification and type.

(d) Nature of distress or urgency.

(e) Weather.

(f) Pilots intentions and request.

(g) Present position, and heading; or if lost, last known position, time, and heading since that position.

(h) Altitude or flight level.

(i) Fuel remaining in minutes.

(j) Number of people on board.

(k) Any other useful information.

 

(REFERENCE. AIM Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures 6−3−1. Distress and Urgency Communications)

a. A pilot who encounters a distress or urgency condition can obtain assistance simply by contacting the air traffic facility or other agency in whose area of responsibility the aircraft is operating, stating the nature of the difficulty, pilot’s intentions and assistance desired. Distress and urgency communications procedures are prescribed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), however, and have decided advantages over the informal procedure described above.

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MAYDAY VERSUS PANPAN KOR

 

(REFERENCE. 항공교통관제절차)

제 10 장 비 상 절 차(Emergencies)

 

제 1 절 일반사항(General)

 

10-1-1 비상상황의 결정(Emergency Determinations)

 

가. 비상은 “조난(distress)” 또는 “긴급한 상태(urgency)”를 말한다.

 

나. 조난상황에 처한 조종사는 첫 무선 교신시 “Mayday”를 3회 반복 사용하여 비상을선언한다. 긴급한 상황에서는 용어 “Pan-Pan”을 같은 방법으로 사용한다.

 

다.“Mayday”나 “Pan-Pan”을 사용하지 않은 경우에도 관제사가 비상 또는 잠재적인비상상황이 발생한 것으로 판단될 때, 이를 비상으로 간주한다.

 

라. 비상상황은 다양하기 때문에 비상에 대한 별도의 절차는 규정되어 있지 않다. 그러나비상상황이거나 비상상황이 임박한 것으로 판단될 때, 그 상황에 가장 적절하고, 절차에 가장 부합된 것으로 판단되는 절차를 선택하여 조치하여야 한다.

 

 

(REFERENCE. 항공교통관제절차 용어의 정의)

DETRESFA(DISTRESS PHASE)[조난단계]: 항공기 및 탑승자가 중대하고 절박한 위험에처해 있으며 긴급한 도움이 필요하다는 상당한 확신이 있는 상황

 

1. 경보단계에 뒤 이은 항공기와의 교신시도를 실패하고, 여러 관련 부서에 조회결과 항공기가 조난의 가능성이 있는 경우

2. 항공기 탑재연료가 고갈되거나 안전을 유지하기가 곤란한 경우

3. 항공기의 비행능력이 상실되어 불시착하였을 가능성이 있음을 나타내는 정보가 입수된경우

4. 항공기가 불시착중이거나 불시착했다는 정보입수 및 확실한 경우(다만, 항공기 및 탑승자에게 중대하고 긴박한 위험에 있지 않으며, 긴급한 도움이 필요치 않다는 상당한 확신이 있는 경우에는 제외한다.)

 

DISTRESS(조난): 심각하거나 긴박한 위험 그리고 즉각적인 협조가 요구되는 상태.

URGENCY(긴급): 즉각적인 도움을 필요로 하지는 않으나 적절한 안전대책이 필요한 상황으로 잠정적 조난상태.